La Wikinovela

La Wikinovela es un proyecto de creación colectiva, un proyecto multilingüe y no lineal, que se basa en la tecnología wiki y que tiene licencia Creative Commons. A su vez ha sido desarrollado dentro de la facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Deusto entre abril y julio del año 2006.

La principal característica de la wikinovela es que puede ser editada en cualquier momento y por cualquier usuario. De esta manera, podemos decir que no tiene un mero autor, uno sólo, sino un autor colectivo, esto es, todos y cada uno de los usuarios que la editan.

Por otra parte, los antecedentes de la wikinovela podemos encontrarlos en  Penguin Books, editorial inglesa quye anteriormente creo un proyecto de escritura colectiva denominado wikinovela.

• La Wikinovela: un proyecto de creación hipertextual, colectiva y multilingüe en internet. In Observatorio para la cibersociedad. Retrieved 10:22, October 14, 2009, from http://www.cibersociedad.net/congres2006/gts/comunicacio.php?&id=658
• Escritura colaborativa y nuevas narrativas: la wiki-novela. In Educ.ar. Retrieved 10:18, October 14, 2009, from http://portal.educ.ar/debates/educacionytic/inclusion-digital/escritura-colaborativa-y-nuevas-narrativas-la-wikinovela.php
• Novelistas somos todos (03/02/2007). In El Pais. Retrieved 10:25, October 14, 2009, from http://www.elpais.com/articulo/cultura/Novelistas/somos/todos/elpepucul/20070203elpepucul_1/Tes

 

Spell Checking (Q. Number 2)

When we are talking about computing, a spell checker (or spell check) is an application program that flags words in a document which may not be spelled in a correct way. However,  when a word which is not within the dictionary is encountered most spell checkers provide an option to add that word to a list of known exceptions that should not be flagged. Spell checkers may be stand – alone capable of operating on a block of text, or as part of a larger application, such as a word processor, email client, electronic dictionary, or search engine.

 

Appart from that, there are other kind of checkers, such us grammar checkers.  These ones are supoosed to works as normal spell checkers. Those are, however, some negative points of them:

A grammar checker may miss important errors.

A grammar checker may accidentally suggest corrections that are inaccurate.

A grammar checker may flag grammatically correct text as incorrect.

 

There are many common grammar errors that computer software struggles to find. For example, one recent study comparing the effectiveness of common grammar checkers found that these programs will typically miss the following errors:

• No comma after an introductory element in a sentence
• Missing preposition
• Comma splice
• No comma in a compound sentence
• Vague pronoun references
• Tense shift
• Incorrect use of the possessive apostrophe
• Pronoun agreement error
• Run-on sentence
• Sentence fragment  

 

 

• Spell checker. (2009, June 5). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 14:10, June 19, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spell_checker&oldid=294623136
• About grammar checerks. In Free Online Grammar Checker. Retrieved 14:20, June 19, 2009, from http://www.yourdictionary.com/dictionary-articles/free-online-grammar.html

 

Moreover, simple spell checkers operate on individual words by comparing each of them with the words which appear on the dictionary, possibly performing stemming on the word. If the word is not found, it is considered as an error, and an attempt may be made to suggest a word that was likely to have been intended.

List of topics (Q. Number 2)

These are the topics I have chosen:

1. Spell Checking
2. Emotion recognition
3. Morphological Analysis
4. Natural Language Generation
5. Summarisation 
6. Categorisation
7. Multimedia Retrieval 
8. Language Checking 
9. Human-Machine Interaction Network on Emotions
10. Multilingual Content for Flexible Format Internet Premium Services
11. Disclosure of video material on the basis of sub-titles
12. Test Suites for Natural Language Processing

 

• Projects. In Language Technology World. Retrieved 13:47, June 19, 2009, from: http://www.lt-world.org/
• Language Technology Lab, completed projects. Retrieved 13:54, June 19, 2009, from: http://www.dfki.de/lt/completed_projects.php

Lenguajes de marcas para la gestión de contenidos y la publicación Web (debate)

First and foremost, we would like to explain the terms involved. Being both markup languages, on  the  one  hand,  HTML  stands  for  “Hyper  Text Markup  Language”,  and  on  the  other,  XML stands for “Extensible Markup Language”.
 
Focusing on  the differences, XML points at  the  structure of  the  information, saving  time and simplifying  the  software,  not  requiring,  consequently,  DTD  or  Document  Type  Definition. Besides,  it supports Unicode, allowing almost any  information  in any written human  language
to be communicated, and in addition, it doesn’t have any data. HTML however, requires from the authors  to avoid  the use of presentational markup as well as  to  use available markup  to differentiate  the  meanings  of  phrases  and  structure  in  the  document.  Moreover,  HTML documents are more difficult to be delivered, as they are normally delivered either over HTTP servers or through e-mail.
 
In short, XML is more useful than HTML not only because it is easier to try for the computer programs, but also because HTML does not indicate what it is representing. In fact, HTML is known for describing the content of what it labels.
 
 

 

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References:
1.  HTML. (2008, December 13). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 19:35, December 14, 2008, from
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HTML&oldid=257683789
2.  Markup language. (2008, December 14). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 19:36, December 14, 2008, from
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Markup_language&oldid=257834827
3.  Hipertexto, el nuevo concepto de documento en la cultura de la imagen (2008, November 23) by María Jesús Lamarca Lapuente in Hipertexto. Retrieved 20:39, December 14 from: http://www.hipertexto.info/documentos/lenguajes_h.htm
4.  Extensible Markup language (1999) by Joaquin Bravo Montero in Programacion. Retrieved  20:41, November 23 from:
http://www.programacion.net/html/xml/htmdsssl/capitulo1/capitulo1.htm

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